The History of One Universe
Told 03:00
«And Mine and Yours shall sunder,
And Silence shall shudder,
And the Wise shall name it Great Blast,
But I do call it—Sacrifice Prime…»
First event — Little Pop (Big Bang)
A multidimensional cell—a fundamental hypercube with internal dimensionality d = 100—begins the first unfolding step [14] under the SER rule. One SQ100 degrades into 200 SQ99.
- Time: 0 – tabs
- Radius: 1,61626×10-35 m – 9,45195×10-35 m
The SQ100 cell has a charge of 2.16339×10⁵⁴ kg (the baryonic mass of the observable Universe without dark matter plus the “mass of dark energy”).
Mass is one with Space: its property, its charge. For now, there is not enough room for mass to be converted into substance. The charges are distributed equally among the daughter SQs. They act as the driver of SER unfolding.
Note 14
Possible triggers of the first event (hypothesis):
an encounter with another multidimensional object (e.g., an SQ with d = 73) — a tidal disruption during an attempted absorption: the interaction of such objects is enormous, but they cannot “fit into” each other in a “civilized” way, so the outcome resolves as a catastrophe; this may explain the “fractional” effective value of the First SQ—mutual “mixing” of SQs with different d at the start; saturation of combinatorial connectivity: statistically, it is more favorable to split into many states than to remain in a single one; a quantum transition or tunneling into a lower-dimensionality state.
Second step
In SER terms, the “second step” is the onset of the inflationary regime: space transitions from the first event to a stable, tick-by-tick unfolding.
A multidimensional cell—a fundamental hypercube with internal dimensionality d = 99—continues to “unfold” space under the SER rule. Two hundred SQ99 split into 39,600 SQ98.
- Time: one SER tick elapses.
- Radius: 5.50904×10⁻³⁴ m.
- The charge is transferred equally to the daughter SQs.
- Charge per SQ: 1.08170×10⁵² kg.
Matter (mass) and space are one: mass is a property of space, i.e., charge.
Here and in what follows, absolute times are given on the “classical” cosmological scale (ΛCDM). In my framing, the local course of time depends on the emergence and distribution of matter: as matter is emitted, the pace of local clocks slows down, and the “real” duration of processes/stages in local clocks differs sharply from what we infer from “today,” at today’s time rate.
“Inflation”
For some time, nothing fundamentally changes. SER expands space. There is no operational physics yet, because the total spatial volume is insufficient for the existence of even a single particle.
Inflation I. Uneventful
At roughly the 22nd SER step, space reaches the scale of individual elementary particles. Attempts begin to emit part of the charge into the form of matter. These are not yet stable formations, but photon-like and neutrino-like excitations of space already become plausible.
The SQ dimensionality is d = 78, and the charge per SQ drops to 6.25867×104 kg.
The only notable feature of this stage is the emergence of primordial inhomogeneities in space due to the quantized (probabilistic) nature of SER-step transitions. Some SQs “lag behind” the global SER background. The number of SQs grows to 3.45663×1049, which is already sufficient for such low-probability events to materialize.
The expansion of space continues.
Once Space reaches the characteristic scales of photon-like and neutrino-like particles, it triggers repeated “attempts” for those particles to form. Massive (tons), yet miniature (of Planck volume) “proto-particles” try to “exist” separately from Space. The conditions are still insufficient, but the emission window for Matter into Space opens, and the second phase of inflation becomes markedly more “lively”.
Matter begins to “try” to decouple from Space, “assembling” itself into whatever stable form it can sustain. The causes and consequences of this process are described in detail in the section Background Process.
At this stage, the “release” of mass into Space begins. Since we have no “other” physics available beyond the one that surrounds us, the only accessible target is the configuration we actually inhabit; that is precisely what must be identified and constructed.
The quantum character of the processes does not guarantee that particles form at an exact time. But the rapidly expanding Space—and the fact that it is already large enough to accommodate particles—rapidly raises the probability of their emergence. Photon-like and neutrino-like excitations of Space gain strength.
The proportions between conventional Matter (substance) and Space’s expansion potential (the residual cell charge) are set precisely at this stage of releasing (separating) mass from Space.
Inflation II. The Lively Phase. The Crossroads
Everything remains stable. Space keeps expanding. But, gradually, an ultrarelativistic plasma begins to “make its way” into it.
We reach the 42nd SER step. The radius of Space reaches 9.03390×10⁵ m. The SQ dimensionality is 58.
This is the peak of Matter separating from Space. A size threshold is reached at which Space can “accommodate” standard Matter physics in the form of an ultrarelativistic plasma [15]. At the same time, the cell charge drops to values comparable to the masses of elementary particles. By this moment, the cell charge should have fallen to 1.23892×10⁻³⁸ kg. Four basic conditions hold simultaneously:
- there is “enough” Space to accommodate the entire Universe in the state of an ultrarelativistic plasma;
- a cell “weighs” less than a particle;
- the conditions in which Matter exists (density, pressure, temperature) can “assemble” Standard Model particles out of the “quanta” of Matter emitted by cells;
- the gravity due to the cells’ metric charge weakens and becomes effectively negligible for the stability of Standard Model particle structures.
This also implies that, regardless of the exact time at which it occurs, we are dealing with large—but finite—densities, temperatures, and pressures.
Note 15
The specific phase state of Matter is not within the scope of this exposition, so I do not insist on an ultrarelativistic plasma. What matters is that the amount of Matter is fixed and finite, and the volume of Space is defined; therefore, the state of Matter has finite, measurable parameters.
Inflation III. Curtain
By about the 59th step (±1), the charge drops to 1,34521×10⁻⁷² kg, and space expands to 1,60822×10¹²⁶ cells—already genuinely cosmological in scale, with a radius of 1,89362×10⁷ m. Temperature and density decrease naturally.
At this stage, the “window” for Matter closes, because the physics that has formed by this point cannot “integrate” such quanta of Matter into itself under the prevailing conditions (density, temperature) [16]. “Vacuum” fluctuations (emission and absorption of cell charge) continue thereafter, but they are manifestations of the “emission” component of the cells’ wave function and do not form stable objects. The evolution of Matter begins.
In other words, the Universe passes another “crossroads”: there is space in excess, but the cell charge is already so small, and density and temperature have dropped so far, that Matter can no longer “accept” new “portions” of Matter quanta—one has to work with “what already exists.”
At the moment the emission window for Matter closes, the limit speed of causal propagation is established—see the “Light” speed.
Note 16
It is possible that attempts of mass to “escape” from the cells continue to this day, and for the same reason this mass has no physical “tunnel” into the Universe and cannot be emitted “for good”, generating energy fluctuations of the vacuum / space.
Background Process
Returning to the thesis that we have exactly the physics we have, we must acknowledge that we need to find precisely this physics within the Universe’s evolutionary process. A kind of “Hadron–Baryon” principle arises, by analogy with the anthropic principle.
A hard condition of this principle is the existence of a 3D flat space that delivers exactly the interaction regime that is observed.
3D
Accordingly, starting from some stage (in theory possible from the very first, but in practice requiring a “sufficient” number of “dice rolls” / attempts to raise the probability), space may form / attempt to form stable lower-dimensional subnets.
Observationally, it is roughly in this period that our stable 3D subnet formed out of higher-dimensional cells, which ultimately made possible the establishment of observable physics (baryonic matter, interactions, chemistry) and the observable phenomenology of astronomy. Otherwise, this text would not have been written by me—a large, slow, gravity-bound, electromagnetically coupled body.
Etiology of 3D
Among the many possible explanations for why space would form a three-dimensional subnet, the most plausible hypothesis is that all admissible stable subnets of all possible dimensionalities form and exist simultaneously. Space does not preselect “its” dimensionality in advance—it realizes everything permitted by the geometry and the metric of the given SER step (the cells’ local dimensionality).
Each subnet is a combinatorial realization of the possible orthogonal directions of connectivity between the faces of cells of that dimensionality. Within the manifold of space, with current mean dimensionality D, subnets of all dimensionalities ≤ D exist simultaneously, to the extent they can be realized geometrically and physically.
As SER evolves (D→D−1), those subnets for which a carrier of the corresponding dimensionality no longer exists gradually lose continuity and break down. Space does not allow “holes”—the set of admissible (percolating) subnets is constrained by the minimum locally present cell dimensionality. If anywhere in Space there exists at least one cell of rank dmin, then no continuous subnet of rank > dmin can exist, even if higher-rank cells occur nearby, because continuity cannot be ensured at the scale of the whole Space.
Matter (mass) is universal and is present in all subnets simultaneously. Elementary particles may manifest in any dimensionality where their existence is not forbidden geometrically or energetically. Therefore, the observed structure of substance is the result of a single mass manifesting across multiple subnets, while the concrete form and stability of an object depend on the subnet’s local dimensionality in which that object is realized.
At the current stage of evolution (with model mean dimensionality D ≈ 4.81), space permits the existence of one fourth-dimensional subnet and two intersecting third-dimensional subnets that coincide along two of the three orthogonal directions.
This implies a phenomenological possibility of effects of mutual interpenetration and cross-subnet realization of objects. However, their observability is limited by the resolution provided by each subnet: an object is present across subnets, but each subnet displays only the part of the object consistent with its dimensionality (its “projection / section” onto that frame).
Thus, the multidimensional structure of space does not exclude—but rather ensures—a single physical origin of matter across all dimensionalities, differing only in manifestations tied to intersections, orientation, and the dimensionality of subnets.
Chance coincidences
Within the SER unfolding, there is a strong temptation to relate the observed fraction of substance (baryonic matter) in the ΛCDM model to the combinatorial fraction of faces that, at some moment in the evolution of space, become engaged (or fixed) in our three-dimensional subnet.
In other words, at a certain SER step (coinciding with the period of substance emission), the ratio “faces of the 3D frame to the total number of faces of space” numerically rhymes with the empirical proportions “substance / dark energy”.
However, at the present stage this coincidence remains no more than a tempting correlation. I have not found rigorous arguments that would allow building a causal chain between the geometric fixing of the 3D-subnet faces and the cosmologically measured component fractions. Until such a justification appears, I treat this correspondence as an interesting, but as yet unconfirmed, hint.
Also, during the open emission window, the degradation of the cell charge passes through several levels that rhyme with the mass scales of the future Standard Model particles. Initially, this is treated only as numerical rhymes, but it could potentially be shaped into a working hypothesis of particle etiology: stable species arise when the lattice charge scale and the medium’s readiness coincide.
BBN
During the emission of substance and after it, the modern physics of the Standard Model takes shape. The role of Space at these stages is to:
- supply matter with charges of an acceptable “caliber”;
- provide the “battlefield” volume required for newly emerging particles;
- cool the medium and reduce mass density;
- avoid “tearing apart” newborn particles via the gravity of its metric charge;
- in general, “do no harm, and do not interfere.”
Accordingly, Space prepares for the “birth” of new particles along three channels:
- it must be large enough, in absolute size, for a given particle species to appear. For example, for baryonic matter to emerge one needs at least 10³⁵ m³; before that point—around the 67th ±1 SER step—there is simply not enough room for nucleosynthesis; BBN proceeds on “prepared positions” at the 69–70th step;
- the cell’s mass charge must be commensurate with the particles being created. Since charge is subdivided only when a new generation of cells is born, it must “grind down” to the particle’s mass scale. For example, for the W and Z bosons, the charge drops to acceptable values already toward the end of “inflation,” around steps 40–41; the electroweak breaking then occurs later—around steps 56–57;
- at the moment particles “manifest,” the metric charge must be sufficiently weak (in relative terms) so that gravity does not “rip” the newborn particle apart. During “inflation” and after it (in classical terms: reheating), the cell’s metric charge crosses the 10⁻³⁵–10⁻⁴⁵ kg mark, and its impact on the stability of matter structures becomes effectively negligible;
- i.e., Space’s job is to exist in sufficient quantity and not get in the way.
Substance concentrates around the inhomogeneities that formed during the “Gloomy Inflation,” later giving rise to BAO and the large-scale structure.
Space vs Substance
From this point on, the evolution of Space and Matter proceeds in parallel. Below, I present this evolution in two readings. The observational picture is the same; only the interpretation differs.
In the conventional classical interpretation (ΛCDM), the driving force is Matter (and its contribution to the metric). In Quantum of Quanta, Space is primary (the SER rhythm), and the differences are an effect of how time runs.
ΛCDM — Conventional Classical View
Matter plays the active role: Space is “stitched” to Matter and expands together with its contents.
Matter “pushes Space outward”; matter phase transitions are a factor in the rate of expansion, and the observed pace is a function of matter’s history.
QoQ — Quantum of Quanta
Space plays the active role: it sets the pace and the rules of the stage, while Matter merely enacts the available modes (phase states) within those rules.
Space expands independently according to its internal laws, providing Matter with a “battlefield.” As Matter fills the Space available to it, it changes its properties—density, temperature, and phase behavior.
Time
ΛCDM: A single continuous time scale is built into the spacetime metric as a coordinate axis; under extreme time dilation, mathematical pathologies (singularities) arise [17].
QoQ: Discrete, quantized time—proportional to quantized mass charges—forms local domains that assemble coherently into the observed global picture.
Note 17
the mathematical apparatus itself initially contains both zeros and infinity
Substance
ΛCDM: “Given” via the state of the primordial singularity.
QoQ: Appears as a part of the SQ charge emitted from cells.
Inflation
ΛCDM: A distinct physical regime of the early Universe; introduced as a special mechanism to explain homogeneity, flatness, and the spectrum of primordial fluctuations.
QoQ: An early SER regime before the emission of Substance: the unfolding cadence is single and uniform in Absolute time, while the observed specificity of the early epoch arises from the absence of mass driven slowing of local clocks and from the subsequent appearance of Substance as a new active factor.
Fundamental constants of the Universe
ΛCDM: Fundamental constants (G, c, h, Λ) were introduced and calibrated empirically as parameters that fix the observed picture; the space quantum is a derived combination. The speed of light is a universal limiting speed for all objects; massless carriers move at c.
QoQ: The gravitational constant (via the force quantum) and the space quantum (distance) are defined outside our local Universe. The limiting speed of mass (not the “speed of light”, but the limiting speed of a single mass quantum) and the quantum of action h are set at the moment when Substance is fully emitted into Space and remain constant thereafter.
Law of space expansion
ΛCDM: Changes in the observed expansion tempo are tied to phase states and to the distribution of Substance.
Parameters are chosen so that expansion curves match observations by tuning the parameters of Matter evolution (phase transitions, component fractions, “dark” sectors) to the expansion curves. Substance becomes the driver, and Space becomes a passive trailer. The explanation is retrospective, via a choice of stages and fractions, with no single unifying principle. As a result, there are three distinct expansion regimes.
QoQ: The observed non-uniformity arises from differences in the pace of local clocks across regions of different density; expansion proceeds evenly, and the differences are temporal.
A single SER cadence (a constant fraction of decays per tick) reproduces the observed picture via local time that changes inversely with the density of Substance (charge).
Causally connected domain
ΛCDM: Observably accessible Substance, with a shared history, “pulls” the metric front and sets the observed horizon.
QoQ: Emerges once, at the moment when the limiting speed is established; its radius is fixed by the SER structure and then follows the expanding Space while preserving internal connectedness.
Inhomogeneities and structure
ΛCDM: Inhomogeneities are introduced after the fact via inflation and quantum fluctuations as a forced mechanism to break primordial homogeneity.
QoQ: Inhomogeneities are a natural consequence of SER quantization, producing dimensional gradients; Space cannot be smooth from the start.
Dark energy
ΛCDM: Λ is a separate term in the Einstein equations, describing accelerated expansion via a constant vacuum energy density. It is a phenomenological parameter of unknown nature, yet required for agreement with observations.
QoQ: Absent. Space expands due to the growth in the number of space cells as cell metric degrades under SER.
Dark matter
ΛCDM: Dark matter is a hypothetical invisible mass introduced to explain rotation curves and structure growth; its nature is unknown, yet without it calculations do not match observations.
QoQ: Absent. The effect is a gradient of inhomogeneity in the dimensionality of space cells.
Gravitational effects
ΛCDM: Curvature of the spacetime metric under mass and energy.
QoQ: Relativistic effects are local manifestations of SER inhomogeneity (dimensional gradients).
Λ era
ΛCDM: As Substance density falls, its contribution to expansion becomes negligible; observationally, Λ = SER.
QoQ: As Substance density falls, local time on average “catches up” with global time; observationally, SER = Λ.
At low Substance density, the interpretations converge: the observed expansion dynamics are the same.
H(z) consistency)
ΛCDM: Three explicit H(z) regimes, with phase junctions fitted by parameters.
QoQ: A smooth decline toward an “almost plateau” without kinks: the external H(z) follows from uniform SER after mapping through local clocks.
Recombination
Nothing particularly dramatic would unfold until the driving force of Substance finally runs down. Yet one fact deserves special attention: between 1.04440×10¹³ s and 1.34100×10¹³ s, the Universe becomes transparent to light.
Recombination is not a spatial event, but another phase transition of Substance. Electrons bind to protons, scattering collapses, and photons acquire the ability to propagate along near-straight trajectories.
For Space itself, nothing “happened”. Space did not become “transparent” — Substance did, for the first time ceasing to obstruct light. And it is precisely this moment that makes observation possible: a background appears against which history becomes visible. From here astronomy begins — not as a new phase of the Universe, but as a new degree of its reflectability.
On large scales, the density of Substance is already such that the mean dimensionality is effectively averaged out, and deviations are only local. In this “quiet”, the cadence of the early world is imprinted — what classical theory describes as baryon acoustic oscillations. Here it is already present, yet it requires no separate mechanism: it is simply the rhythmic memory of the early Space’s quantum structure.
Curtain of the Curtain
From this point onward, evolution follows the observable track. Stars and galaxies are born and die. Astroskotomas are born and merge; they “eat” stars and roam the boundless reaches. Substance ages, stars dim, clusters thin out, yet the cadence of Space remains unchanged. Here Quantum of Quanta no longer introduces new phenomena; it only shows that the observed Λ is neither a force nor an energy, but a mirror-reflection of Space’s own perpetual motion.
Space’s expansion continues—not slowing and not accelerating, but simply unfolding step by step by its internal SER rule. The rhythm is constant; the mass of Substance disperses; time speeds up and converges toward the Global.
In projection, this yields a stable Λ “plateau”: the apparent expansion rate stabilizes around an average value of about 58 km/s/Mpc. From my standpoint, this corresponds to a phase of Space in which 3-dimensional SQ dominate. Under current models this will occur in roughly ~69 billion years. In SER terms, this is the moment when time flows at its “pure” speed, without constraints (slowdowns) imposed by mass.
Pretold 01:09
«And all that was—
Nowhere shall it be;
And that which was everywhere—
Never shall it be.
And I shall take away Your,
And Their shall become My.»
Behind the Curtain
Seeng 02:01
«And Beeng aboundeth with Seengs,
As a furnace with flames.
And Lot casteth tumurim,
And Doom meteth out unto Seed…»
For any Universe “bubble,” SER operates as a universal mechanism that links microscopic SQ transitions to the cosmological scale.
- Start. The Universe’s evolution is initiated by the degradation of the first, highest-dimensional SQ—interpreted as the Little Pop (the Big Bang).
- Clocked regime and decay share. Per one time quantum, each SQ executes one transition attempt under the SER rule. For a given dimensionality within a causally connected region, the statistics of independent attempts converge: on each tick, a certain fraction of SQ completes a SER transition.
- Quantum character. The discrete and probabilistic nature of SER steps inevitably generates inhomogeneities. These, in turn, become the seed layer for future gravitational anomalies.
- Inhomogeneities and structure formation. Local delays in degradation—or, conversely, reverse transitions—create surplus zones of dimensionality. At macroscopic scale this manifests as “dark matter,” halo structures, and the cores of “black holes.” Meanwhile, the overall large-scale structure remains observationally homogeneous and isotropic in its measurable parameters.
- Emergence of Substance. Prior to Substance emission, the unfolding tempo is single and uniform in Absolute time (interpreted in ΛCDM as “inflation”). After Substance is emitted from SQ, Matter and Space evolve in a coupled manner.
- Causal connectivity. The causally connected region is an observation window, not a boundary of Space. SER operates irrespective of its size; local events rely only on the immediate neighborhood and do not propagate influence faster than the limiting signal speed. The radius of Space is not required to coincide with the radius of the observable domain.
- Macroscale tempo and operational rate. The operational rate is the net growth of SQ count per unit time; in relative form it reads as the expansion tempo of Space.
- Breakdown. Degradation of Space below dimensionality 3 triggers decomposition (breakdown) of Substance and interactions:
- Midlife Crisis. Transition of macrodimensionality from 3 to 2. The weak interaction fails. The last stars go out. The neutrino loses mass. Electrons are torn away from nuclei. Chemistry collapses. The proton disassembles into quarks and gluons. Photons fade. Particles continue to decay.
- Old Age. Transition of macrodimensionality from 2 to 1. Photons and neutrinos decay (there is no “place” for them to persist).
- Oblivion. Transition of macrodimensionality from 1 to 0. Space fragments into disconnected SQ. Entropy prevails. The Universe becomes an “archive” of itself. Space Quantum becomes Space Qubit. Matter is absorbed by the cells of Space and reverts into charge.
- As Matter disintegrates, time accelerates: local times “dissolve” into the Global, and the Global converges toward the Absolute.
Pretold 02:05
«And the winds of darkness do blow,
Over the coals of Altars of old;
And Burden resteth in the dust,
Upon the ruins of former majesty.
And the stubborn Lot casteth to and fro,
And maketh prayer unto Me…»
- Finish. SER will continue until SQ “unfold” into the most elementary state—dimensionality 0. The final stage of evolution is the redistribution of mass/energy across SQ and its conversion into charge—the intrinsic property of Space.
- Conception. Relics of large-scale structure and gravitational anomalies survive into the Age of Oblivion as local metric gradients—“elders” of connectivity. The background is powerless against the seeds of a new dawn. Some of them will “assemble” back up into high-dimensional states and give rise to a new Universe; others will “detonate” halfway through… SQ are quantum objects.